The pollination mechanism is conspicuously specialized. The main pollinators of the flowers are bees, hummingbirds, sunbirds, and bats. The flowers are typically red, orange, or yellow, or any combination of those colours, and are aggregated in inflorescences that are spikes or panicles (thyrses). A somewhat narrower "petal" is the pistil, which is connected down to a three-chambered ovary. A specialized staminode, the stamen, bears pollen from a half- anther. The staminodes number (1–) 3 (–4) (with at least one staminodal member called the labellum, always being present. What appear to be petals are the highly modified stamens or staminodes. The flowers are asymmetric and composed of three sepals and three petals that are small, inconspicuous, and hidden under extravagant stamens. The leaves are typically solid green, but some cultivars have glaucose, brownish, maroon, or even variegated leaves. The broad, flat, alternate leaves that are such a feature of these plants, grow out of a stem in a long, narrow roll and then unfurl. The plants are large tropical and subtropical herbaceous perennials with a rhizomatous rootstock. Description Canna (foliage group) 'Auguste Ferrier' The name Canna originates from the Latin word for a cane or reed. See the Canna cultivar gallery for photographs of Canna cultivars. Īlthough plants of the tropics, most cultivars have been developed in temperate climates and are easy to grow in most countries of the world, as long as they receive at least 6–8 hours average sunlight during the summer, and are moved to a warm location for the winter. Cannas are also used in agriculture as a source of starch for human and animal consumption. The plants have large foliage, so horticulturists have developed selected forms as large-flowered garden plants. Cannas are not true lilies, but have been assigned by the APG II system of 2003 to the order Zingiberales in the monocot clade Commelinids, together with their closest relatives, the gingers, spiral gingers, bananas, arrowroots, heliconias, and birds of paradise. For other uses, see Canna (disambiguation).ġ9 classified species, see List of Canna speciesĬanna or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae, consisting of 10 species.
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